The Impact of Hypothyroidism on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Comprehensive Review

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders in world and characterized by excessive blood glucose levels, which lead to deranged carbohydrate, protein, lipid metabolisms. At its core, DM an impairment insulin metabolism, leading a plethora clinical features. The thyroid gland another vital cog wheel endocrine system, hormones synthesized it are heavily involved control body’s metabolism. Hypothyroidism state deficient due various factors metabolically hypoactive state. Together, insulin, implicated DM, engage intricate dance serve regulate It imperative explore relationship between these two common understand their association mold treatments specific patients they coexist. Both type 1 diabetes (T1DM) 2 (T2DM) have been shown increased with hypothyroidism, especially risk including female sex, hyperlipidemia, obesity, anemia. This review also explores DM’s macrovascular microvascular complications hypothyroidism. great use screen for hypothyroidism diabetic patients. Specific protocols, at elevated risk, provide improved quality life affected this highly disease.